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un and global governance lecture 8 [12f00ea9]

Tags: UN and Global Governance

  • conflict mitigation styles

    • what are the trigger points for people to heighten their emotions?
  • peace agreements and warring factions

1. Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding

  • "action to identify and support structures which will strength and solidfy in order to avoid a relapse into conflict"

  • instiutionalization of peacebuilding

    • weak states are a threat to intl stability, more peacebuilding continues
  • early peacebuilding

  • authoritarian to democracy

    • transitioning with democracy incrementally

      • free market, who decides when a state is ready for liberalization

      • elections are considered destabilizing, when should we not hold an election?

        • UN has learned not to rush into an election

  • is it realistic for peacekeepers to hold this role?

    • can we have an expectation that a peacekeeper should help?

  • peackeepers in mali and drc cannot physically protect civilians

    • nhormative values of poc does not exist
    • how much more can we adopt?

  • how can peacekeeping be useful?

    • early peacebuilding can be useful, but often still treated as a sequential
  • conflicts that were off the radar of the SC, taking a look at conflicts that were slow burning, or short of war (burundi)

2. conflict & peace

  • thinking in terms of johan galtung's model of peace

    • negative peace (absence of violence)
    • positive peace (absense of all 3 forms of violence: structural, cultural, and direct)
  • for a conflict, looking at the characteristics of behaviors
  • peacebuilding, peacemaking, peacekeeping - trinity
  • peace as a policy goal

  • foundations of peace as more than just the absence of war

    • sg policy committee in 2007 in thinking about how to reduce risks

  • cannot be a boilerplate, afghanistan and peru are two different things

    • ideally, peacebuilding needs to be prioritized and sequenced

      • can then achieve its goals
      • politics needs to be considered in peacebuilding
  • quick impact projects are not considered economic revitalization

  • new deal - nationally owned peacebuilding plans

    • peacebuilding used to be run by IO's, which did not always know what was happening
    • external drivers may not necessarily have the required participation
    • how many and where was the new deal implemented?
    • how do you create fully functional states in the matter of a decade?
    • how do you ameloriate social issues?

  • peacekeeping vs peacebuilding

    • how to build durable peace

      • building institutions?

  • state fragility is a recurring problem

    • countries can relapse
  • "idle youth" problem

  • peacebuilding archiecture

    • peacebuilding comission
    • peacebuilding fund
    • peacebuilding support office

  • strategic entry points

    • avoiding relapse into violence (guniea)
    • protecting peacekeeping (liberia, sierra leone)
    • quick statebuilding (yemen)
    • supporting UN leadership (sierra leone)
    • accompaniement (burundi)

3. critques

  • examining the dimensions of peacekeeping

    • how peacekeepers can be early peacebuilders
    • definition of peacebuilding is ambigious and vague
  • peacekeeping can construct the space for peacebuilding to occur

  • democratic bias of instiution building, but not necessarily accepted or addressing the root causes

    • too much focus on building instiutions